
There are two types of glands within the skin directly related to the ability of the skin to hold onto its own moisture. The first is the oil gland or sebaceous gland. The primary function of the oil gland is to secrete oil or sebum. This oil lubricates the surface of the skin and serves as a barrier against moisture loss. Excessive oil production is associated with the appearance of acne while the lack of oil secretion is associated with dry skin. The disproportionate distribution of oil on the face is caused by a greater number of oil glands on the forehead, nose and chin than on the sides of the face.

The sweat glands or eccrine/suderiferous glands, function as a cooling system for the body releasing moisture onto the skin surface. The most vital fluid to the skin is its water content. The water distribution on the face is in far greater proportion to the skin, but it is the skin's ability to hold onto its water that is most significant. As this moisture mixes with oil on the skin's surface, the skin develops routine characteristics or skin type.
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